I. Introduction Rutile titanium metal is extracted important mineral raw materials, production is one of the best raw material and high-grade rutile titanium dioxide materials must welding. Our resources are very rich in titanium, ranking first in the world, accounting for about 48% of the world reserves of titanium, is now proven reserves of 900 million tons, but the economic use of titanium iron ore about 1 million tons of rutile ore thousands Ten thousand tons. The rutile resources accounted for 2.01% of the total titanium resources, of which rutile ore accounts for 1.52% and rutile ore accounts for 0.49%. Therefore, the domestic natural rutile resources are very valuable. In recent years, the geological exploration of the rutile mine is developing in depth and has achieved encouraging results. Looking at the world economy, the strong demand for titanium in aviation, construction, automotive, living and leisure, medical, chemical, marine development and other fields has made the international titanium market increasingly hot, and the demand for domestic titanium is also growing. Two digits. However, most of China's natural rutile resources are low-grade primary ore, accounting for 86% of the total rutile resources in the country, while rutile ore is only 14%. Due to the low grade, fine size and complex ore composition of the rutile resources, the ore dressing process is long, and the combined process of re-election, magnetic separation and flotation is adopted. Some mining areas require roasting or pickling in order to remove traces of S, P, Fe and other impurities, so the processing cost is high. Therefore, the key to solve the problem of exploitation of our natural rutile is to further strengthen geological prospecting work in scientific research (to find a large mine, find a good ore) and mineral processing technology breakthrough. Second, the distribution of rutile resources The distribution of rutile resources is closely related to its ore-forming geological background, ore-controlling factors, and metallogenic geological conditions. From the study of rutile deposits and mineralization points discovered in Hubei, Henan, Jiangsu, Shanxi and Shandong provinces, the metallogenic mechanism of rutile deposits can be found. (1) Regional metallogenic geological background, ore-controlling factors, metallogenic geological conditions of rutile deposits 1. Regional metallogenic geological background The geotectonic units of the rutile ore deposits in China are mainly the eastern section of the Qinling orogenic system, followed by the Zhongzhe quasi-station, the Yangtze quasi-station and the South China orogenic belt. The strata related to mineralization are mainly regional metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian and Devonian. The main structure related to mineralization is deep and large faults. The magmatic rocks related to mineralization are mainly basic rocks, sub-basic rocks and altered rocks. The rutile deposits are mainly distributed in the Taihang-Hengshan metallogenic belt, the eastern Qinling metallogenic belt, the Liaodong-Ludong metallogenic belt, the Ningnan-Jiangdong metallogenic belt, and the southeast coastal metallogenic belt. 2. Mineral control factors (1) Stratum Sedimentary metamorphic rutile deposits are mainly produced in the Qinling fold belt, and the ore deposits are located in Yuanguyu and Paleozoic. The eclogite-type rutile deposit is mainly produced in the ultra-high pressure and high-pressure metamorphic belts in the eastern part of the Qinling fold belt and the eastern extension of the fault, and the rich ore-bearing horizon is the Middle Paleozoic. The hydrothermal alteration rutile deposit is mainly produced in the eastern part of the Qinling fold belt, and the rich ore layer is the Paleozoic, Cambrian-Ordovician. The metamorphic altered rock type rutile deposit is produced in the metamorphic altered belt of the Hengshan fold belt in the Taitai anticline in the North China Plateau. The rich ore-bearing horizon is the ancient metamorphic rock series of the Hengshan Group in the Archean. The strata of each era have suffered from different degrees of regional metamorphism, and the rutile deposits are present in various metamorphic rock series. (2) Construction 1 geotectonic environment controlled ore The rutile deposits in China are mainly distributed in the eastern section of the Qinling tectonic belt, followed by the Zhongzheng quasi-station, the Yangtze quasi-station and the South China orogenic belt. 2 folds According to the geological characteristics of typical deposits, the main rutile deposits are located in the favorable part of the structure. The shaft part of the fold structure and the favorable structural parts of the two wings are favorable parts for mineralization. 3. Metallogenic geological conditions (1) Regional metamorphism Regional metamorphism is a necessary condition for rutile mineralization. The typical rutile deposits in China are mainly characterized by medium-deep metamorphic rocks dominated by regional metamorphism, characterized by medium-high pressure and medium-low pressure metamorphism. (2) Magma action The relationship between magmatism and rutile formation is mainly manifested in two aspects. One is that magma differentiation affects the formation of high-titanium magma by ferrotitanium; the second is that magma crystallization forms a rutile deposit. (3) Hydrothermal action The relationship between hydrothermal action and mineralization is mainly reflected in the remelting of high-titanium material during the metamorphism to form high-titanium hydrothermal fluid. The high-titanium hydrothermal fluid migrates to the appropriate part to form a hydrothermal rutile deposit under the dynamic action of the structural region; The other is characterized by hydrothermal alteration of the ilmenite-rich rock to form an altered rock type rutile deposit. The metamorphism makes the rutile particles thicker and further integrates mineral deposits with good industrial value. (4) Weathering Weathering makes the ore structure of the primary rutile deposit loose, and some gangue minerals change, which makes the mining capacity of the deposit increase and enhance its economic value, and becomes a new type of weathered deposit. (5) Sedimentation The primary rutile ore body is weathered and denuded, and the ore-forming materials are transported and deposited by surface runoff, which further enriches the rutile to form a modern sedimentary rutile deposit. (2) Distribution of rutile resources Based on the ore-forming background, ore-controlling factors and metallogenic geological conditions of the rutile deposit, rutile is mainly produced in the rutile-bearing quartz veins of the metamorphic rocks and in the pegmatite veins. In addition, it appears as a secondary mineral in igneous rocks and is often found in gneiss in granular form. It is also distributed in sedimentary rocks or sediments in the form of clastic or sand minerals. China's rutile rock mines are mainly distributed in Datun Mountain in Zaoyang, Hubei Province; Nianzigou in Daixian County, Shanxi Province; and Yangchong Province in Xin County, Henan Province. Among them, Hubei Province's rutile reserves of 5,344,300 tons accounted for 71.20% of the country's 7,508,600 tons, Shanxi Province's 1,547,900 tons accounted for 20.60%, and Shaanxi Province's 44,400 tons accounted for 5.90%. The rutile sand mine is mainly distributed in Bamiaozigou, Xixia County, Henan Province; Liujiazhuang in Laixi County, Shandong Province and Shangcuigou in Zhucheng City; Datun Mountain in Zaoyang, Hubei Province; Wangxiang in Xiangyin, Hunan Province , New Wall River in Yueyang, Sanlangtun in Huayang; Huangpu Ancient Well in Buried Hill in Anhui Province; Baoding in Wanning County, Hainan Province. Among them, 2,184,500 tons of rutile sand mines in Henan Province accounted for 85% of the country's 2.568 million tons, Shandong Province 176,800 tons accounted for 6.9%, Hubei Province 92,400 tons accounted for 3.60%, Hunan Province 69,900 tons accounted for 2.70%, and Anhui Province accounted for 1.15%. Hainan Province accounts for 0.58%. Foreign rutile is mainly produced in California, South Dakota, Arkansas, Graves Mountains, Georgia; Sudbury, Ontario; Norway; Sweden; Germany; Queensland, New South Wales; radiant rutile in Switzerland and Brazil Find. 3. Characteristics of rutile ore and beneficiation process (1) Ore characteristics 1. Native rutile rock mine Containing rutile ore, garnet amphibolite most, containing rutile and mica schist graphite quartz, rutile-containing phosphate rock and the like; rutile ore containing 2.29 - 2.42%, the higher of 4.89 ~ 6.43%, Or with apatite, ilmenite, zircon , etc. can be comprehensively utilized. 2. Rutile sand mine The mineral composition of the broken type, coastal type, alluvial rutile ore is similar to that of ilmenite ore. The quality of the ore depends mainly on the rutile content and particle size. The rutile content varies from mine to mine, generally from 1.10 to 3.87% kg/m 3 , and the highest is from 4.70 to 8.37% kg/m 3 . Often accompanied by ilmenite, zircon, apatite. (2) Mineral processing technology 1. Native rutile rock mine The original rutile mine is the main type of rutile mine in China, and the domestic development is still in its infancy. The main reason is that China's rutile ore has low grade, fine grain size, complex mineral composition and embedding relationship, and the difference in selectivity between rutile minerals and some of the main associated useful minerals is small, the beneficiation process is complicated, the investment in construction is large, and the economic benefits are low. Daixian rutile concentrate products are of good quality, but the recovery rate of rutile is less than 50%. In recent years, many research units in China have done a lot of research work on the original rutile mine and explored a reasonable beneficiation process. (1) Nianzigou Rutile Mine in Daixian County, Shanxi Province 1 Ore properties The Nianzigou rutile deposit is an altered rock primary ore. The main metal minerals in the ore are rutile, ilmenite and magnetite. The gangue minerals are mainly tremolite , talc , common hornblende, followed by actinolite, chlorite, biotite, quartz, etc., as well as a small amount of kyanite and apatite. The structure of the ore is relatively simple, and the rutile has a semi-self-granular structure and a residual residual structure and a small amount of self-shaped columnar structure. Among them, the semi-automorphic granular structure rutile is the most widely distributed, and the rutile edge is slightly replaced by gangue minerals, and the rutile has a coarse grain size, generally 0.5 to 1.0 mm. Most of the rutile in the residual structure is accounted for by the gangue mineral. The self-shaped columnar structure is a small amount of fine particles (0.05-0.1 mm) rutile wrapped in talc and tremolite, and its crystal form is complete and columnar. Compared with domestic mines of the same type, the ore grade is lower, but its rutile natural grain size is coarser, the selectivity is good, the rutile has high purity and less impurities. 2 beneficiation process The beneficiation process of the selected plant in Daixian County: the combined process of gravity-magnetic-pickling. The grade of concentrate obtained can reach more than 90%, but the recovery rate of ore dressing is low, less than 50%. The Hubei Institute of Geological Experiments, the Changsha Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and the Institute of Chemical Mineral Geology of the Ministry of Chemical Industry have conducted optional tests on the Nianzigou rutile mine in Daixian County. The test results show that the rutile of the Daixian rutile mine has a coarser grain size. The use of open-circuit grinding can not only ensure that the rutile is not easy to produce excessive pulverization, but also achieve the purpose of completely dissociating the rutile monomer. The ore is suitable for re-election. (2) Sichuan Huidong Xinshan Rutile Mine 1 ore nature The main titanium minerals of rutile ore are rutile, anatase, ilmenite and the like. The gangue minerals are mainly sericite, chlorite, quartz, biotite and the like. Its rutile grade is relatively high, reaching 3~4.5%, but the mineral composition is complex, the disseminated particle size is very fine, the rutile is extremely unevenly distributed in the ore, surrounded by sericite, chlorite, and limonite mineralization, carbonate Iron oxide and carbonate in the oreized and silicified ore are wrapped in a continuous relationship and belong to the hard-to-select ore. The Pingjin Redstone Mine in Ankang Town, Shaanxi Province is similar to this mine. 2 beneficiation process Kunming University of Science and Technology has carried out mineral processing experiments on this ore using different processes. For the fine-grained characteristics of rutile, multi-stage grinding is used, and grinding aids are used to suppress or reduce the agglomeration of particles, thereby improving the grinding effect and reducing energy consumption. The high-gradient magnetic separator, the ion-wave shaker, and the ultra-high-pressure suspension electric separator are used to treat the fine-grained ore, and the ideal separation effect is obtained. The original ore grade is 4.20%, and the process of heavy-magnetic-floating-electricity is adopted. The concentrate grade is 83.73%, and the recovery rate is 40.19%. (3) Hubei Zaoyang Rutile Mine 1 ore nature The Zaoyang rutile ore is a metamorphic basic rock primary ore rich in rutile. The useful minerals are mainly rutile, accompanied by a small amount of ilmenite, magnetite, vermiculite, pyrite, pyrite, apatite and the like. The gangue minerals are mainly garnet and hornblende, followed by zoisite, chlorite, mica, feldspar , and quartz. The rutile inlaid fabric has fine grain size and uneven distribution, and the general grain size is 0.03 to 0.10 mm, and the maximum is 0.788 to 0.95 mm, and the minimum is 0.015 mm. The density difference between useful minerals and gangue minerals is small, and the order from large to small is ilmenite, rutile, garnet, hornblende, and zoisite. Part of the rutile has ilmenite inclusions, and titanium is highly dispersed in the gangue minerals, and the titanium content accounts for 15-20% of the total amount of titanium. The ore contains minerals such as chlorite and mica that are liable to cause secondary mud. 2 beneficiation process Since 1966, the Institute has conducted a beneficiation test on this ore. The results show that the float-magnetic separation process is more suitable for the treatment of this type of ore. The Institute of Geological Laboratory of Hubei Province used benzyl phthalic acid as a collector , and used sodium fluorosilicate + sulfuric acid and lead nitrate + sodium fluorosilicate as adjusting agents to conduct a full flotation test on the ore. The results show that Both of these reagent series were used to obtain better flotation results. (4) Shaanxi Shangnan Rutile Mine 1 ore nature The main metal minerals in the ore are rutile, titanium hematite, ilmenite, vermiculite, galena, pyrite , pyrrhotite, pyrite, limonite and so on. The gangue minerals are mainly amphibole, biotite, feldspar, calcite , chlorite, tremolite, apatite and a small amount of epidote. The rutile particle size is 0.03~0.15mm, accounting for 80.10%. The rutile single mineral contains 97.83% of titanium dioxide. 2 mineral processing technology The Xi'an Testing Center of Shaanxi Bureau of Geology and Minerals, Northwest Institute of Nonferrous Metal Geology, Wuhan Iron and Steel Institute and Kunming University of Science and Technology respectively studied the ore processing of the ore. The results show that the recovery rate of concentrate is generally not high, mainly because of the ore of the deposit. The combination of minerals is complex, the rutile content is low, and the harmful impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus minerals are high, which makes the beneficiation process complicated. In addition, the rutile is fine in size, and is also in the form of continuous or embedded in other mineral crystals, making it in the beneficiation process. It is difficult to separate and is lost in magnetic materials and tailings. The optional performance of rutile is mainly affected by its particle size. Grinding fineness is an important factor affecting the selection of rutile. Stage grinding, scrubbing and grinding, adding grinding aids can effectively improve the sorting effect, according to the original rutile. The mineral mineral composition and the intricate relationship are complex. The rutile ore must be selected by re-election, magnetic separation, flotation, electric separation, pickling and other combined mineral processing techniques to obtain high-quality rutile concentrate. And according to the characteristics of low ore grade, the beneficiation process should be divided into two stages of rough selection and selection, and high-efficiency and non-toxic combination collectors and modifiers should be selected. The use of flotation to treat native rutile ore is the main direction of future research. (5) Rutile mines in Jiangsu and other places In recent years, many large eclogite-type primary rutile deposits have been discovered in China. For example, in Xinyi City and Donghai County of Jiangsu Province, Qianshan and Taihu Lakes in the southern Dabie Mountains of Anhui Province, Cuijiagou in Zhucheng City of Shandong Province, and Maoyingshan County in Luotian County of Hubei Province. 1 ore nature The mineral composition of this type of ore is mainly garnet, omphacite, rutile, and other hornblende, chlorite, apatite, quartz, pebbles, clay , mica and iron. This type of rutile deposit has the characteristics of huge reserves, high grade, shallow burial and easy mining. Garnet is the main associated gangue mineral, which is often an important limiting factor in the improvement of rutile concentrate grade in ore dressing. For many years, the work on the separation of rutile and garnet has been valued at home and abroad. 2 mineral processing technology Beijing Nonferrous Metals Design and Research Institute conducted a pilot study on the combined process of gravity-magnetic-re-grinding-floating-re-election in the eclogite-type rutile mine in Donghai County. The results show that when the garnet is comprehensively recovered, the rutile concentrate grade is over 90%, and the recovery rate is 52.30%. When the garnet is not recovered, the rutile concentrate grade is over 90%, and the recovery rate is 62.13%. The benefits of comprehensive recovery of garnets have been significantly improved. The Institute of Geology of the National Building Materials Bureau used the flotation method to separate the rutile and garnet. The results show that oxidative cycle oil, oleate and benzyl phthalic acid can be used as collectors for rutile, but they do not have the selectivity to effectively separate rutile from garnet. With FL108 as the collector and sodium hexametaphosphate as the inhibitor, the effective separation of rutile and garnet can be achieved. Tongling Nonferrous Metals Engineering Institute of gravity separation - combined intensity magnetic separation process, on a garnet pyroxenite rutile (TiO 2 6.82%) were dressing experiment. The result: rutile concentrate 89.94%, recovery rate 45.66%; garnet concentrate 85-90%, recovery rate of about 70%. The process is effective in the comprehensive recovery of useful minerals in such ores. 2. Rutile sand mine (1) The rutile mine of the South City of the river, there are three types of primary ore, weathered crust and alluvial sand deposits. At present, the main exploration object is weathered shell sand mine. 1 ore nature The weathered shell sand ore mainly contains titanium minerals as rutile, followed by altered ilmenite, ilmenite, titanium magnetic iron ore and vermiculite. The gangue minerals mainly include hornblende, quartz, dolomite, epidote, chlorite. The rutile inlaid cloth has a fine particle size, and is a fine-grained and fine-grained unevenly embedded cloth. The particle size interval is large (0.01 to 0.20 mm), and generally more than 0.037-0.074 mm. Rutile is embedded in the gangue mineral grains in the form of self-crystal or semi-automorphic grains, and is partially distributed in the gangue in the form of inclusions. The relationship between rutile and iron minerals is very close, they are interspersed with each other and wrapped around each other. There are also a large number of muddy minerals. 2 beneficiation process Kunming University of Science and Technology and other four units conducted a beneficiation test on the Hehuangyuan Mine in Hedong City. The results: using a combined process of magnetic-heavy-pickling-electrical selection, the original ore grade is 2.21%, and the concentrate grade is 92.02% (I). 80.05% (II), the recovery rate was 65.78% (I), 10.87 (II). The experimental study on the selectivity of rutile in the weathering crust of the Shicheng antimony mine in Jiangxi Province is a combined process of magnetic-heavy-pickling. The original ore grade is 3.59%, the concentrate grade is 92.04%, and the recovery rate is 71.02%. Northeastern University used the scrubbing grinding-re-election tail-floating-magnetic separation-pickling combined process to test the mine. The original ore grade was 2.20%, the concentrate grade was 90.80%, and the recovery rate was 62.13%. (2) Hainan's sand-type ilmenite The seashore sand mine is associated with ilmenite, zircon and monazite. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively recover the corresponding useful minerals when recovering rutile in beneficiation. The seashore sand collected will be separated from the light products such as mud and siliceous materials by a spiral concentrator. The heavy products will be recovered by magnetic separation to recover ilmenite concentrate. The non-magnetic products will be subjected to high-voltage electrostatic selection and strong magnetism through a shaker. Separately recovering zircon, rutile and monazite, using this process to treat Hainan's sand-type ilmenite, and obtaining good results, and building a production plant with an annual output of 5,000 tons of ilmenite concentrate. The rutile produced contains 85% titanium dioxide, ilmenite contains 48% to 50% titanium dioxide, zircon contains ZrO 2 63-65%, and monazite products also meet quality requirements. Analysis of the current situation of rutile resources exploration and mineral processing industry and its prospects (1) Status of rutile resources exploration China has a large amount of titanium resources, and it can be mined for hundreds of years in terms of current production capacity and growth trend. However, the recovery of titanium in vanadium- titanium magnetite is restricted by the mining capacity of iron ore, and its use in metallurgy is relatively late, the grade of concentrate is slightly lower, and the level of titanium industry is low. China's high-grade titanium dioxide is mainly imported. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the formation conditions of China's rutile mine, a more accurate evaluation of its resource prospects, as soon as possible to find a number of available rutile deposits, try to compensate for domestic deficiencies, in order to determine whether China's rutile natural resources can meet domestic The need to rely on imports for a long time, and the full development of artificial rutile is a top priority. According to the 2006 Annual Scientific Achievements Report of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and the Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress Awards. After two years of investigation and research, China's geological scientists discovered two rare high-grade rutile rich belts in the Yangshoushan area of ​​Zhenglanqi, Inner Mongolia, and found a thickness of 50 meters to 60 meters in the upper part of one of the ore belts. The rutile lean belt. The ore belt of the northern Moshan stone is mainly rutile with associated ilmenite. The entire ore body is about 1.1 kilometers long and 2.5 to 11.2 meters thick. The main ore has a titanium dioxide content of 5.00% to 15.46% and an average grade of 8.64%, which is 3 to 5 times higher than the proven rutile primary ore grade in China, and exists in the upper 60 m thickness space of this rich ore body. A large number of rutile ore belts have an average grade of 2.36%. In its southern part (Sheongshou Mountain), there is also a rutile ore-rich ore with a grade of 4.29% to 10.2%. According to experts, preliminary estimates suggest that the area's rutile resources exceed 200,000 tons, reaching a large scale. The genesis of the deposit is essentially different from the titanium deposits currently known in the world. This is the world's first new genetic type of large titanium-rich deposit discovered through scientific and technological research in China, which is essentially different from the genetic types of the 9 types of titanium deposits known in the world. The new type of deposit, through systematic evaluation, is a typical example of a major breakthrough in ore prospecting by the rutile mine. According to the available data, the rutile mine resources of the mine, that is, high-grade titanium dioxide will exceed 200,000 tons, and the prospective resources will exceed 500,000 tons. On February 12, 2007, the Jiangsu Provincial Geological Survey Institute completed the “Xiaojiao Xiaojiao Redstone Mine Survey in Xinyi City, Jiangsu Province†project, and a total of 8 rutile ore bodies were circled, and the estimated 331+332+333 rutile ore was obtained. 2,291,700 tons, rutile resources of 819,800 tons, garnets of 11.15 million tons, and omphacites of 8,737,700 tons. The main ore body has a surface control length of 1480 meters, an average thickness of 25.20 meters, a resource of 683,300 tons, accounting for 83.31% of the total area of ​​the 331+332+333 resources, and an average grade of 2.88%, which is higher than other major rutile minerals in China. In addition, a high-grade ore body is circled at the lower limit of rutile TiO 2 content of 3.5% in the main ore body, and its 331+332+333 resources are 248,700 tons, exceeding the standard of large deposits (200,000 tons), and the average grade is as high as 3.85 tons. %. This is the rare rutile deposit with the highest grade and thickness in China. It is expected to become the largest supply base of rutile resources in China. The development and utilization of the above two mines will play an important role in the reversal of high-grade rutile titanium dioxide in China. (II) Analysis of the status quo of mineral processing industry Since the 1980s, domestic rutile beneficiation has successively built several rutile ore dressings in Zaoyang, Hubei Province, Daixian County of Shanxi Province and Xishan of Henan Province. The daily processing scale is 25-300t, and all production stops at the end of 1998. The main reasons are: 1. The rutile selection plant is too small and the cost is too high. 2. The ore dressing process is backward and the equipment is outdated. 3. The comprehensive utilization rate of rutile ore is low. 4. The sorting technology of rutile ore is difficult. Although China is a big country of titanium ore resources, it is not a strong country for production. The titanium ore industry has not developed in tandem with the rise of titanium dioxide industry. The development and utilization of rutile in China is still in its infancy, with an annual output of very low, about 2,500 t / a, and 90% from sand mines. The main producing areas of rutile sand concentrates are Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, all of which are recycled products produced from ilmenite concentrate. China's primary rutile mine is not densely developed due to its dense ore structure, fine grain size and poor selectivity. The annual output is only a few hundred tons. The production mine of primary rutile is currently only one place in Dagu Mountain, Zaoyang, Hubei. The mine was completed in 1990. It is the first large-scale rutile mine in China and officially put into operation. The rutile processing technology has also made some progress. The 1200t rutile ore dressing plant has achieved a one-stop process of mining, selection and processing. The rutile concentrate produced by the mine is mainly used to produce high-grade welding rods. In addition, the rutile mine in Daixian County, Shanxi Province has a good ore selectivity, and its concentrate grade can reach 93.06%, and the tremolite in the tailings can be comprehensively recovered. For each 1t of rutile, the by-product tremolite can be obtained about 35t, which is greatly reduced. The production cost of rutile, which was mined in 1986, has not yet been scaled up. From the perspective of the world's major titanium mineral production, foreign natural rutile resources are facing depletion, high-grade titanium minerals mainly turn to the production of artificial rutile; although China's natural rutile resources are abundant, compared with foreign countries, most of them are primary ore, and the ore grade is low. The size of the inlay is fine, and the ore is complex in nature, so the combined process of re-election, electro-election and magnetic separation which are commonly used in foreign countries cannot be adopted. As a result, it is difficult to break through the mineral processing, and natural rutile resources cannot be effectively exploited. A large number of rutile resources in China are currently not available, and the fundamental reason is that the beneficiation process is not relevant. Therefore, China's demand for rutile mainly depends on imports, so the key to solving the problem of development and utilization of natural rutile in China is the breakthrough in mineral processing technology. Flotation process is the key operation to solve the difficult selection of fine-grained rutile ore in China. Solving the flotation problem of fine-grained rutile is of great significance to the development and utilization of rutile in China. In the flotation process, the collector determines the floatability of the mineral and therefore plays a pivotal role. (III) Prospects Titanium, its oxides and alloy products are important coatings, new structural materials and anti-corrosion materials. It is known as the “third metal†and “strategic metal†in the development of iron and aluminum , in aviation, aerospace and ships. It has a wide range of applications in the fields of military industry, chemical industry and environmental protection. There are 24 countries producing titanium dioxide, of which rutile titanium dioxide accounts for more than 80%. The main producing countries are the United States, West Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom and France. The United States is the world's largest producer of titanium dioxide, with chlorine white accounting for 88%. There are 8 major titanium white production companies abroad, with 82% of the world's total production. The major consumers of titanium dioxide are the United States, West Germany, France and Japan. China's titanium white industry has a weak foundation and industrial development is relatively late. It is still dominated by the sulfur process. In recent years, although the chlorine process has developed rapidly, it is still in the development and test stage. The annual output of domestic titanium dioxide is about 50,000-60,000 tons. There are more than 100 titanium dioxide production plants distributed in 24 provinces including Henan, Hebei, Jiangsu and Guangxi. The three largest production scales are Zhenjiang titanium dioxide. Factory, Nanjing Grease Chemical Plant and Shanghai Titanium Dioxide Factory. China's consumption of titanium dioxide is relatively stable, with an average annual consumption of 70,000 to 80,000 tons. The largest consumption is in the coatings industry, followed by non-pigment and enamel, welding electrodes and other industries. The production level of titanium dioxide industry in China is still in the initial stage of foreign countries, which not only has low output, but also has a large gap with foreign countries in terms of product quality, variety and consumption level. The domestic titanium dioxide market is characterized by a basic balance of supply and demand for low-grade titanium dioxide or a slight supply, and the supply of high-grade rutile titanium dioxide is scarce. The shortage is mainly based on imports or artificial rutile. Looking back on the "Tenth Five-Year Plan", the development of China's titanium industry is "the real road is really like iron." Looking forward to the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", the development of China's titanium industry "has made a big step forward." In 2006, the output of titanium sponge reached 18037t, an increase of 89.6% over 2005. The actual sales volume reached 16634t; the output of titanium processed materials in China reached 12807.6t, an increase of 28.5% over 2005, and the demand for titanium processed materials reached 13985t. Compared with 2005, it increased by 14.6%. For the first time, China has a world-class large-scale production plant with a capacity of 14,000 t/a and an actual production of 10,204 tons of titanium sponge. For the first time, it has a world-class titanium processing material manufacturer with a titanium ingot production capacity of 12,000 t/a and an actual production of 6000 t titanium ingot. In the first half of 2007, China's titanium industry has grown by leaps and bounds. The production of titanium sponge reached 20098 tons, an increase of 203.5% over the same period of 2006. It is estimated that the annual output in 2007 will reach 40,000 tons. Titanium powder production reached 723 tons, an increase of 24.7% over the same period in 2006. The output of titanium processed materials reached 11311 tons, an increase of 84.5% over the same period of 2006. It is expected that the annual output will exceed 20,000 tons. In the first half of 2007, China became the net exporter of sponge titanium and titanium processed materials for the first time. The export of titanium sponge is 2,651 tons, the import is 501 tons, and the net export is 2,150 tons. It is estimated that the export of sponge titanium will exceed 5,000 tons in 2007. The export of titanium processed materials is 3,744 tons, the import is 2,127 tons, and the net export is 1,617 tons. It is estimated that the export volume of titanium processed materials will exceed 7,000 tons in 2007. Therefore, it is expected that by 2010, the production and demand of titanium processed materials in China will grow rapidly at a double-digit growth rate. Titanium is known as the rising "third metal" after iron and aluminum. It is a world-class treasure to be further developed. In order to achieve a certain economic scale, China's titanium industry must optimize production technology, improve economic and technical indicators, reduce production costs, and carry out new research on smelting titanium. At the same time, learn from international counterparts, expand their horizons, and close the gap with advanced foreign processing equipment and technology. Titanium is known as the rising "third metal" after iron and aluminum. It is a world-class treasure to be further developed. In order to achieve a certain economic scale, China's titanium industry must optimize production technology, improve economic and technical indicators, reduce production costs, and carry out new research on smelting titanium. At the same time, learn from international counterparts, expand their horizons, and close the gap with advanced foreign processing equipment and technology. 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Report on the distribution of rutile resources and the status quo of technology development