Is the disk brake the real hero? Can use drum brakes for trucks

Is the disk brake the real hero? Can use drum brakes for trucks


Whether it is a commercial vehicle or a passenger car, the braking method is a part that users have to consider when purchasing. Regarding whether the disc brakes were better or better, the debate over whether the brakes were overbearing or not was never stopped.

Some netizens are quite adept at preaching the main performance of the air disc brake over traditional drum brakes. Actually, this is not absolute, and it needs to be viewed rationally.

In this article, we will discuss what advantages each has and why most trucks use drum brakes.

There is the principle difference <br> <br> drums, brake disc two kinds of techniques are born in the late 19th century, strictly speaking, drum brake disc than a few years ago, but the working principles of the two brake mode is completely different.

Drum brake principle:

The drum brake is simply composed of a brake oil pump, a piston, a brake pad and a tympanum. When the brake is applied, the high-pressure brake fluid of the brake cylinder pushes the piston to apply force to the two half-moon brake shoes. The inner wall of the drum is pressed against the friction drum to prevent the brake drum from rotating to achieve a braking effect.


The working principle can be described with a cup in a very graphic manner. The brake drum is like a cup. When you put five fingers into a rotating cup, your finger is the brake pad. As long as you point five outwards and rub the inner wall of the cup, the cup will stop rotating.

Disc brake principle:

Disc brakes are powered by air pressure. The main components are brake discs, air chambers, brake calipers, and air hoses. Brake discs are made of cast iron or alloy steel and are fixed to the wheels and rotate with the wheels.


The air chamber is fixed on the bottom plate of the brake, and the two friction plates on the brake caliper are respectively installed on both sides of the brake disk. The piston of the air chamber is acted on by the gas pressure from the trachea to push the friction plate to the brake disk. Friction occurs just like clamping a spinning plate with pliers to slow down the brakes.

Advantages and disadvantages have their advantages and disadvantages. 1. The degree of braking force In terms of braking force, the drum brake force is much greater than that of the disc type, not because the drum brake technology is more advanced, but because of its inherent structural characteristics. of.


In the drum brake system, there is a metal object that looks like a drum. This is the core component of the drum brake. The drum brake is named after this. This brake drum is fixed to the wheel and keeps it in sync with the wheel.

Two sets of brake shoes are set inside the brake drum. When we step on the brake pedal, the driver's power will be transmitted to the brake shoe, and the semi-circular arc-shaped U-shaped brake shoe on both sides will be moved. Its expansion expands outwards, pressing the brake shoe against the brake drum. At this time, strong friction occurs between the brake drum and the brake shoe to provide a braking effect.

Disc brakes must rely on vacuum boosters, which are different from drum brakes. The brake components of disc brakes can be visually seen. It moves with the wheels and keeps them in sync with the wheels. Is equivalent to the brake drum in the drum brake. Under normal conditions, the brake caliper floats on the brake disc and there is no friction between the two.

When we step on the brake pedal, the hydraulic device transmits this force to the brake caliper and causes the brake caliper to grip the brake disc tightly. The braking is achieved through the friction between the brake disc and the brake caliper. the goal of.

This type of braking device cannot produce its own amplification force. Therefore, relying solely on human strength, it is insufficient to obtain an effective braking force. It must be assisted by a vacuum assist device to generate sufficient braking force.

2, thermal performance However, disc brakes are superior to drum brakes in many ways, otherwise it will not be adopted on a large number of new models, but these benefits are not reflected in the braking force, but in other areas.

The drum brake is not very good in heat dissipation because it is in a confined space. A large amount of heat accumulates during braking. Brake shoes and drums are susceptible to extremely complex deformations under the influence of high temperatures, and are prone to brake decay and chattering, resulting in reduced braking efficiency.

The disc-type brake disc is directly exposed to the air, and the heat dissipation is relatively good. The heat generated during the braking process is promptly dissipated by the wind.

There is also a ventilated disc brake, which is to leave a gap between the two brake discs so that the airflow passes through the gaps. Some ventilating discs also drill many circular vent holes on the disc surface or on the disc surface. Cut off ventilation slots or prefabricate rectangular ventilation holes. Ventilated disc brakes use wind currents, and their cold and heat effects are better than ordinary disc brakes.

3. Drainage Performance Drainage is another characteristic of disk brakes that are superior to drum brakes. When water enters the braking system, the effect on braking performance is obvious. If these waters cannot be discharged in time, the braking performance will be greatly reduced. As can be seen from the structure, the closed design of a drum brake is obviously not as good as a disc brake.

Disc brakes are also significantly superior to drum brakes in terms of brake linearity. When braking, they make people feel that the entire process is very smooth and comfortable to ride, and it can also cooperate with the electronic control system to achieve active safety control of the vehicle. .

In addition, because the structure of the disk brake is exposed in the air, fines that are worn by the brake will not be deposited on the brake disk, and huge centrifugal force will throw dust and other contaminants to maintain a certain degree of cleanliness.

4, economic costs


Drum brakes were first used in brake systems and the manufacturing technology was relatively mature, so disc brakes were required in terms of cost. The brake disc quality of the disc brakes needs to be improved. The cost of the brake calipers, the number of pistons, brake pads and other components cannot be equal to the drum brakes.

Multi-purpose heavy truck brake drum <br> <br> just from the intensity of the braking system of the brake, the drum brake disc brake greater than, which is why the majority of the use of heavy commercial vehicles brake drums, rather impossible to use disc brakes One of the reasons.

The braking force generated by the disk brakes cannot meet the braking needs of these dozens of tons of big guys. In the case of a special section such as a continuous downhill slope, a continuous brake is required. If a disc brake is used, the brake disc may be damaged due to the excessive force applied by the brake caliper, resulting in brake failure.

However, the low heat dissipation of the drum brakes will also be revealed at this time. Continuous braking will cause the friction temperature to rise continuously, which will easily cause heat attenuation and a sharp drop in performance. Therefore, many drivers will achieve the purpose of cooling by spraying water on the braking system.

Another reason why drum brakes are widely used in commercial vehicles is that the cost of drum brake systems should be lower than that of disc brakes, especially high-availability logistics. Almost every day, trucks run on roads and brake components. The speed of wear is obvious, and the maintenance costs caused by frequent replacements are also difficult for drivers to accept.

Through the comparison of the characteristics of drum brake and disc brake, we can see that disc brakes and drum brakes have their own advantages.

From the aspects of manufacturing cost, heat dissipation performance and braking force, the disc brake cannot completely replace the drum brake. However, depending on the situation and needs of the disc brake, the disc brake has become The main braking method of the car.

For drum brakes with more powerful braking force, they are more widely used in the field of heavy commercial vehicles.

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