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Research and application of refilling tailings in Fenghuangshan Copper Mine
Phoenix Mountain copper mine was built in 1971 and put into production, it is Jicai election in one of the medium-sized mines. In mine underground production, mining is mainly carried out by filling method. Later open-pit mining is mainly to mine the pillars and mines of the No. 1 and No. 2 ore bodies above -43 m. According to statistics, the amount of tailings filled during the period was about 300,000 m 3 , about 570,000 tons. In the early stage of mining, the filling tailings could not be carried out in view of the international and domestic mineral processing level and the importance attached to the recycling of by-product resources. Fully selected, the laboratory small test results are magnetic iron yield 8% to 10%, iron concentrate grade is 65.3%, sulfur content is about 0.2%. If the tailings are combined with the exposed ore into the entire production system for recycling, it will inevitably affect the one-stop production process of transportation, lifting, crushing, grinding and flotation, and at the same time, the economic indicators of mineral processing will decline. When the wind is strong, sand will occur. In the rain and snow, mudslides and landslides will occur, causing environmental pollution and safety hazards.
I. Study on the optionality of filling tailings
(a) tailings properties
The sample was taken from the beneficiation workshop and the production technical quality department from the south of the exposed mining body +24m stop, the north of the +20m stop and the waste rock field. After the samples were evenly mixed, the main chemical composition analysis was carried out, and the analysis result was 0.32% of copper. Sulfur is 2.76% and iron is 25.56%.
(2) Grinding fineness and magnetic field strength test
Since the iron contained in the tailings has a part of magnetic iron, magnetite is recovered by magnetic separation. The test equipment adopts magnetic separation tube, and the magnetic separation test flow of tailings magnetic separation tube is shown in Figure 1. The test results are shown in Table 1. From the test results, it is concluded that when the fineness of grinding-74μm is 66.4% and the magnetic field strength is 143.24kA/m, the magnetic separation can be used to obtain qualified iron with 65.32% iron and 0.2% sulfur. Concentrate, the total iron recovery rate was 26.12%.
Figure 1 Magnetic separation test procedure for filling tailings magnetic separator
Table 1 Test results of grinding fineness and magnetic field strength
Grinding fineness /
%-74μm
Magnetic field strength /
(kA·m -1 )
Product
Yield
Iron grade
Sulfur grade
Iron recovery rate
66.4
143.24
Iron concentrate
10.22
65.32
0.117
26.12
159.15
Iron concentrate
10.89
64.15
0.228
27.33
67.7
143.24
Iron concentrate
9.78
65.41
0.129
25.03
159.15
Iron concentrate
10.11
65.05
0.115
25.73
74.5
143.24
Iron concentrate
9.67
65.39
0.237
24.74
159.15
Iron concentrate
9.78
65.36
0.131
25.01
(3) Flotation test
The copper in the tailings has a lower grade, while the sulfur content is relatively high, and part of it has been oxidized. If a single copper is difficult to obtain a qualified product, a coarse selection, a first selection, and a copper-sulfur mixed flotation process are used to obtain the mixture. The concentrate enters the copper and sulfur separation process of the large selection plant for separation. Process conditions: grinding fineness -74μm particle size accounted for 66.4%, foaming agent pine oil 60g / t, collector isobutyl xanthate 80g / t. The tailing sand copper-sulfur mixed flotation test process is shown in Figure 2, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
Figure 2 tailings copper and sulfur mixed flotation test process
Table 2 tailings copper and sulfur mixed flotation test process
project
Yield
Copper grade
Recovery rate
Concentrate
Middle mine
Tailings
Raw ore
4.86
2.63
92.51
100.0
4.95
1.05
0.043
0.308
78.11
8.98
12.91
100.0
It can be seen from Table 2 that through a rough selection and a selective operation, a mixed concentrate containing 4.95% copper and 78.11% copper recovery can be obtained, and this part of the concentrate can enter the copper-sulfur separation operation of the large selection plant.
Second, tailings re-selection process
(1) Process of the original de-sludge system
The process of the original de-sludge system is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen from the defluxing system process that the overflow of the spiral classifier is input into the Acacia tailings reservoir, resulting in waste of resources. Secondly, the ore of the Fenghuangshan Copper Mine is raised from the underground to the crushed by the main well bucket. The exposed mine must first be lowered to the south wind well of -40m, and then transported to the fracture after being second-time. Because the sand return of the classifier contains a certain amount of water, it causes many mines such as slipping, crushing, and mining bins, and at the same time reduces the mineral processing index, which increases the labor intensity of employees and affects normal production.
Figure 3 Process of the original de-sludge system
(2) Tailings re-election process
SLURRY original transformation process, iron and copper sulfur sorting of useful minerals metals, tailings re-election process shown in Figure 4. Depending on the overflow of the φ2400mm spiral classifier attached to the desiccant system, only the φ600mm×1800mm semi-reverse flow wet magnetic separator is used for iron selection. Because it is mainly used to fill the tailings and exposed clay, the copper grade is very low. The comprehensive recovery value is small, so the grit of the classifier is made of φ1800mm×2100mm lattice ball mill and φ250mm hydrocyclone to form a closed-circuit hemp mine. Four XJ-11 flotation machines are used, one rough selection and one selection. The process carries out copper-sulfur mixing and flotation. The flotation tailings adopts φ600mm×1800mm semi-countercurrent wet magnetic separator to select iron. At the same time, taking into account the influence of many factors in actual production, the iron concentrate grade is guaranteed to be above 64%. The concentrate is selected once.
Figure 4 tailings re-selection process
(3) Equipment installation and process
In order to achieve low investment, quick results, and full recovery of limited resources, we conducted iron and copper selection experiments and program design. The completed tailings re-election project was built in 1999. The main equipment was taken from the idle equipment of the beneficiation workshop. The power supply and water supply were taken from the mine production system. The concentrate was naturally filtered by the sedimentation tank. The mine is directly sold, and the copper-sulfur mixed concentrate enters the beneficiation production system for separation. The tailings pump is directly input into the tailings pipeline of the large selection plant and enters the Acacia tailings storage.
Third, the production of the system
The entire system was successfully installed and commissioned in August 2004. From September to November 2004, the actual operation was carried out for 3 months. A total of 1880 tons of iron concentrate containing 64.2% of iron, 140t of copper-sulfur mixed concentrate containing 4.5% of copper, and an industrial output value of more than 1.3 million yuan were produced. According to this processing capacity, 6900t of iron concentrate can be produced in the whole year, 23t of mixed concentrate is converted, and the total industrial output value is 4.6 million yuan. The recoverable tailings in the open mining area totaled about 300,000 m 3 and 570,000 tons, which can be used by the concentrator for more than 7 years. The total industrial output value is 32.2 million yuan, and the economic benefits are very obvious.
Fourth, the conclusion
(1) The original de-sludge system of the Fenghuangshan Copper Mine was improved, the conditions of the transporting system were improved, the smooth production process was ensured, and the influence of the mud sand on the beneficiation index was solved.
(2) Realizing comprehensive recycling of resources, protecting the ecological environment, eliminating potential safety hazards, and reflecting the good economic and social benefits of taking the road of cleaner production.
(3) Providing a substantial basis for the future re-election of the old tailings of the Fenghuangshan copper mine, and ensuring the sustainable development of resource-exhausted mines.
Li Jun Sheng Zhongyi Gui Xunguo
Tongling Nonferrous Group Holdings Co., Ltd. Anhui Tongling 244000